UNEB UCE Geography Past Papers for Year 1995
Uganda National Examinations Board Past Questions
PAPER 1
PART I
1. The areas of highest population density in East Africa correspond with the areas which have fertile soils and:
A. Mineral deposits,
B. High temperatures,
C. Reliable rainfall
D. Good transport
2. A river regime means,
A. A river which has lost its ability to carry its total load,
B. The whole area drained by a river and its tributaries
C. The seasonal variation of the volume of water in a river
D. Occasional flooding of the river valley
3. The development of lateritic souls in East Africa is a result of;
A. Erosion
B. Water logging
C. Weathering
D. Leaching
4. Which one of the following places receives a double maximum rainfall regime in a year?
A. Songea
B. Entebbe
C. Tanga
D. Lodwar
5. Which of the following best explains why commercial ranching is being developed in the dry plateaus of East Africa?
A. The tsetse fly has been eradicated
B. Water is available
C. Veterinary services are available
D. Population is low while pastures are plenty.
6. Which one of the following was the major reason for the establishment of the cement industry at tororo?
A. The presence of large quantities of limestone at tororo
B. The existence of the Uganda railway
C. The construction of Owen falls dam
D. The existence of markers in the neighboring countries
7. Forest conservation in East Africa can best be achieved through
A. Deforestation
B. Gazetting forested areas
C. Controlled tree cutting
D. Re-afforestation
8. The most common method of catching fish on L.Kyoga is;
A. Trawling,
B. Using baskets,
C. Gill netting
D. Purse seining
9. The most important reason for conserving wildlife in East Africa is to;
A. Attract tourists
B. Regulate climate
C. Sustain bio-diversity
D. Provide medicine
10. In which way has rail transport been cost useful in Uganda’s economic development?
A. Opening up new places for farming
B. Transporting bulky commodities at low cost
C. Bringing imported goods
D. Transporting passengers for long distances
11. The most serious problem faced by the people of Kabule district is:
A. Land fragmentation
B. Population pressure
C. Soil erosion
D. Terracing
12. Which one of the following processes was responsible for the formation of lake Katwe?
A. Vulcanicity
B. Folding
C. Warping
D. Glaciations
13. Which of the following best represents stages in the format on of sedimentary rocks?
A. Weathering, erosion and deposition,
B. Erosion, deposition and weathering,
C. Erosion, weathering and deposition,
D. Weathering, deposition and erosion
14. Mountain Elgon receives heavy rainfall on its
A. Western slope
B. Eastern slope
C. South western slope
D. North western slope
15. Ahero pilot scheme in western Kenya mainly grows
A. Cotton
B. Vegetables
C. Rice
D. Sugar cane
16. Which one of these activities provides the least employment opportunities to the people of E.africa?
A. Agriculture
B. Fishing
C. Mining and quarrying
D. Manufacturing
17. Mangrove forests are found along the,
A. Shores of lake Victoria
B. Shores of lake kyoga
C. East African coast
D. Shores of lake Magadi
18. Which one of the following fish landing sites is found on l. Albert?
A. Masese
B. Rwampanga
C. Butiaba
D. Rwenshama
19. The main factor hindering human settlement in the Miombo woodlands is;
A. Low rainfall totals
B. Tsetse fly infestation
C. Poor soils
D. Dense vegetation
20. The basin like volcanic feature found on top of some mountains of east Africa is called;
A. Vent
B. Crater
C. Cone
D. Plug
21. Which of the following is easily weathered by rain water?
A. Granite
B. Limestone
C. Sand
D. Clay
22. Lines drawn on map through places having the same amount of temperature are called;
A. Isobars
B. Isohyets
C. Contours
D. Isotherms
23. Which of the following has greatly hindered agricultural development in Masailand?
A. Poor quality of cattle
B. Infertile soils
C. Shortage of water
D. Poor transport facilities
24. Which of the following tree species is indigenous to east Africa?
A. Eucalyptus
B. Mvule
C. Wattle
D. Jacaranda
25. Which one of the following factors has contributed most towards the development of Kilindini harbor?
A. It is well served by roads and railways
B. It has deep water
C. It has a rich hinterland
D. The old Mombasa harbor is shallow
26. Which one there irrigation scheme in east Africa uses overhead sprinkler irrigation?
A. Kilombero
B. Ahero
C. Mwea tebere
D. Mobuku
27. Which one of the following factors is more responsible for the variation of vegetation zones on the mountains of east Africa?
A. Slope
B. Rainfall
C. Soil
D. Altitude
28. Which of these areas receives the highest amount of rainfall in east Africa?
A. Coastal plain
B. Eastern plateau
C. Highlands
D. Lake plateau
29. The best way to combat rural urban migration is to;
A. Improve the agricultural sector in rural areas
B. Open up more feeder roads to the rural areas
C. Improve the social amenities in the rural area
D. Pass a law to stop people from moving to urban areas
30. Which of the following major relief features occupies the largest area of east Africa?
A. The rift valley
B. The central and lake plateau
C. The highland areas
D. The coastal plain
31. The highlands of east Africa face great danger of soil erosion mainly because of:
A. Steep slopes
B. Population pressure
C. High rainfall
D. poor farming methods
32. the instrument used to measure the rainfall amount at a weather station is the:
A. barometer
B. hygrometer
C. rain gauge
D. anemometer
33. in east Africa the co-operative movement has greatly helped the farmers by:
A. marketing produce,
B. supervising farming activities
C. providing transport
D. distributing inputs
34. the main reason why exotic trees have introduced in East Africa is that
A. they grow fast to meet the demand
B. they have more valuable timber
C. the indigenous trees cannot be grown on plantations
D. the indigenous forests are being depleted
35. Uganda’s tourist industry is improving mainly because of;
A. renovation of hotels
B. improved security in the country
C. creation of more national parts
D. rehabilitation of feeder roads
PART II
MAP WORK, PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION AND EAST AFRICA
Answer three questions from part II, including questions 1 and 2 which are compulsory.
SECTION A
1. COMPULSORY QUESTION-MAPWORK
Answer all parts of this question, candidates are advised to spend 40 minutes answering this question.
Study the map extract 1:50,000(UGANDA) Kitgum, Series Y732, Part Of Sheet 15/2 Edition 1 U.S.D and answer the following questions.
a) Name the man made features found at the following grid reference:
(i) 885707
(ii) 842767
b) State the grid reference of the;
(i) Secondary trigonometrically station at padibe,
(ii) Gang dYang road junction.
c) Measure and state in kilometers the distance of the dry weather road from palabek (grid reference 722808) to padibe (grid reference 815837),
d) What is the general direction of flow of river pager?
e) Draw a cross section from the trigonometrically station at grid reference 868628 to the river confluence at grid reference 852687
f) Giving evidence from the map extract, identify two economic activities carried out in the area.
g) Giving examples from the map extract,
(i) Identify the settlement patterns in the area
(ii) Describe the factors influence these settlement patterns.
2. COMPULSORY QUESTION: PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION
Answer all part of this question, candidates are advised to spend 20 minutes answering this question.
Study the photograph provided below and answer the questions that follow:
PHOTOGRAPH
a) Draw a landscape sketch of the area shown in the photograph and label the following:
(i) Vegetation
(ii) Settlement
(iii) Relief
b) (i) Identify the type of vegetation shown in the photograph
(ii)Explain the factors responsible for the growth of this type of vegetation
c) Which evidence from the photograph, suggest possible economic activities that can to carry out in the area.
d) State any one area in east Africa where this photograph could have been taken.
3. a) draw a map of east Africa and on it, mark and name at least one area in cash country where;
(i) nomadic pastoralism is practiced
(ii) cattle ranching is carried out
b) Explain why nomadic pastoralism is practiced in any one area named in a (i) above
c) Describe the effects of nomadic pastoralism on the environment.
d) Outline the steps being taken to improve livestock rearing in any one country in east africa
4. a) Draw a map of East Africa and on it, mark and name at least one area where each of the following minerals are found;
(i) diamond
(ii) limestone
(iii) coal
(iv) iron ore
b) Describe the economic uses of any one mineral in 1 (a) above.
c) (i) for either diamond or limestone, describe the method of mining used.
(ii) Explain the effects of the mining method used in c(i) above on the environment.
e) (i) Name any one country outside East Africa where the iron and steel industry is developed.
(ii)Explain why the iron and steel industry in East Africa is not developed.
5. For any field work you have carried out as an individual or a class.
a) State the;
(i) Topic
(ii) Objectives of the study
b) Explain how each of the following methods was used during the study.
(i) Observation,
(ii) Interviewing
(iii) Recording
c) State the difficulties faced in using any one of the methods in (b) above.
d) Describe the effect of human activities on the environment in the area studied.
e) How did the field study help you understand the geography of the area?
6. Study the table below and answer the questions that follow;
ESTIMATES OF FOREST COVER IN UGANDA 1920-1990
| Year | 1920 | 1940 | 1960 | 1980 | 1990 |
| Forest cover (Area in km2) | 23,500 | 22,000 | 10,000 | 7,500 | 7,000 |
Source: adapted from Uganda national council for children. (1994; equity and vulrerability p56
a) Draw a line graph to illustrate the above information.
b) Using the table and graph drawn, state the period when the forest cover was
(i) Most destroyed
(ii) Least destroyed
c) Calculate the percentage forest cover destruction for the years 1920 to 1990
d) Explain the factors responsible for the rate of forest cover destruction between 1980 and 1990
e) Explain the economic importance of natural forests in east Africa.
7. a) Draw a map of east Africa and on it, mark and label;
(i) marine fishing ground,
(ii) two fresh water fishing grounds
b) For any one fishing ground marked in (a) above state the
(i) Types of fish caught
(ii)Methods of preservation used
c) Compare the methods of fishing used in marine and fresh water fishing grounds
d) Giving specific examples, explain the factors that have contributed to the development of the fishing industry of east Africa.
PAPER 2
PART I: THE REST OF AFRICA
Answer two question from this part
1. a) Draw a sketch map of Africa and on it, mark and name the following mountains and highland areas:-
(i) atlas mountains
(ii) fouta Djalon Highlands
(iii) drukensberg mountains
b) With the help of diagram, describe the formation of the Atlas Mountains
c) With reference to any one of the mountains and highland areas marked in (a) above
(i) explain its value to the surrounding areas
(ii) outline the problems facing the people living in the area
(iii)State three ways in which the problems outlined in c(ii) above are being solved.
2. a) Describe the conditions that have led to:
(i) nomadic pastoralism in the Sahel region
(ii) the establishment of demonstration ranches in Botswana
b) Explain the problems faced by;
(i) nomadic pastoralists in the Sahel region
(ii) demonstration ranches in Botswana
c) State the;
(i) benefits of demonstration ranches in Botswana
(ii) efforts being taken in the Sahel region to improve the livestock industry.
3. a) Draw a sketch map of Africa and on it, mark and label the following natural vegetation zones;
(i) tropical rain forests
(ii) savannah grasslands
(iii) desert scrub
b) State any three characteristics of:
(i) tropical rain forests,
(ii)Savannah grasslands
c) Describe the economic activities carried out by the people living in the tropical rain forest areas.
d) Explain the problems faced by the people engaged in any two of the economic activities identified in © above.
4. Study fig.1: sketch map showing the Shaba – Zambia copper belt and answer questions that follow:
Fig 1: THE SHABA-ZAMBIA COPPER BELT
MAP
a) Name :
(i) Countries marked A and B,
(ii) River marked C,
(iii) Dam marked D.
(iv) Railway line marked E,
(v) Town marked F.
b) Explain the importance of the following to the copper belt:
(i) Dam D,
(ii) Railway line E,
c) Outline the factors that led to the development of the mining industry in Zambia.
d) Describe the methods used in mining copper in the copper belt.
e) Explain the problems facing the copper industry in Zambia.
5. Study table 1 below showing fish production in selected countries of West Africa and answer the questions that follow:
Table 1: fish production in selected countries of West Africa 1984 (‘000 tones)
| Country | Quantity produced |
| Chad Cote D’ivoire Ghana Mali Mauritania Nigeria senegal |
120 100 220 120 50 460 340 |
Source: adapted from white, R.G. (1984) Africa: studies in development. Heinemann education books, 2nd edition p162
a) (i) Draw a bar graph to represent the information contained in the table.
(ii)How much fish was caught in the land locked countries?
b) Describe the:
(i) Physical conditions that have led to the development of the fishing industry in either Nigeria or Ghana.
(ii) Fishing methods used of fish in the country selected in (b)(i) above.
c) (i) State any three uses of fish in the country selected in (b) (i) above.
(ii) outline the difficulties faced in marketing fish in West Africa.
6. Study fig.2: Map of Nigeria provided and answer the questions that follow
MAP
a) Name the
(i) Towns marked A, B and C,
(ii) Port marked D,
(iii) Rivers marked E and F,
b) Outline the factors that led to the development of Lagos as a
(i) Port,
(ii) Town
c) Explain the problems resulting from the expansion of Lagos.
d) State the measures being taken by the Federal Government of Nigeria to solve the problems mentioned in (c) above.
PART II:
STUDIES IN DEVELOPMENT
Answer two questions from this part
REGION I: NORTH AMERICA
7. Study table II below showing climate statistics for station A location in the south of U.S.A and answer the questions that follow.
Table II: climate statistics for station A
| Months | J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D |
| Temp (0C) | 8 | 11 | 14 | 18 | 23 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 24 | 18 | 15 | 9 |
| Rainfall (mm) | 134 | 124 | 140 | 127 | 109 | 102 | 117 | 86 | 84 | 67 | 109 | 127 |
Source: Hayward. J.R. Boorman B. L and white R. G; North America studies for East African students.
a) State the:
(i) Hottest months
(ii) Coolest month
b) Calculate the:
(i) Annual temperature range
(ii) Total annual rainfall
c) Describe the characteristics of the climate represented in the table above.
d) (i) Name three crops grown in the region where the station is located.
(ii)Explain the advantages of growing more than one crop in the region.
e) Outline the problems facing the farmers in the region.
f) What other improvements have been made in the economy of the region?
8. Study fig.3: sketch map showing the main export routes for Canadian wheat and answer the questions that follow.
Fig.3: main export routes for Canadian wheat
MAP
a) Name the
(i) Ports marked 1 and 2,
(ii) Provinces marked X, Y and Z,
(iii) Towns marked 3 and 4
b) State two countries to which Canada exports her wheat.
c) outline the:
(i) disadvantages of transporting wheat along route A,
(ii) advantages of transporting wheat along route C.
d) explain the:
(i) physical factors that favour the growing of wheat in the Canadian prairies,
(ii) problems facing the Canadian wheat farmers.
9. a) Draw a sketch map showing the site of New York and on it, mark and name:
(i) Manhattan island,
(ii) long island
(iii) Staten island
(iv) Hudson river
(v) Newark bay
b) Describe the conditions that favored the development of new York as a port.
c) (i) Explain the problems facing new York port.
(ii)Outline the measures being taken to solve the problems in c(i) above.
d) Name two:
(i) exports,
(ii) imports, handled by New York port.
REGION II: THE RHINE LANDS
10. a) Draw a sketch map of Switzerland and on it, mark and label:
(i) the three relief regions
(ii) a watch making district
(iii) an engineering centre
(iv) a textile making district
b) State any two products obtained from the Swiss:
(i) engineering industries,
(ii) chemical processing industries
c) Explain the:
(i) problems faced by Switzerland in developing her industries,
(ii) steps being taken to solve he problems stated in c(i) above.
d) Outline the benefits Switzerland gets from the industrial sector.
11. a) With the help of diagrams, describe the formation of the Rhine rift valley.
b) Outline the physical factors that favour vine growing in the Rhine rift valley.
c) Explain the:
(i) problems facing the vine growers in the Rhine rift valley.
(ii) steps being taken to solve the problems in c(i)above.
d) State any two products which farmers in the Rhine rift valley obtain from their crops.
12. Study table III below showing types of farming on the Dutch polders and answers the questions that follow.
Table II: types of farming on the Dutch polders
| Types of farming | Percentage of polderland covered | Degrees |
| Arable Market gardening Orchards Mixed farming (Arable and Animals) |
53 7 5 35 |
191 – 18 – |
Source: adapted: Beddis, R. place, resources and people. Book 2, p75.
a) Complete the table above.
b) Using the information from the table, draw a divided circle to show the relative importance of the different types of farming on the Dutch polders.
c) State two products from each of the following farming types:
(i) Mixed farming (arable and animals)
(ii) Orchards,
(iii) Market gardening
d) For either market gardening or mixed farming (arable and animals) outline the factors that have led to its development on the polders.
e) State the problems faced by farmers on the polders.
REGION III: CHINA
13. Study fig.4. sketch map showing land use on chaunahan commune and answer the questions that follow:
Fig 4: land use on chaunshan commune
MAP
Source: Waugh. D (1987) the world. P93.
a) (i) Describe the various forms of land use on the commune.
(ii) state the type of energy used,
(iii) explain the problems faced on the commune.
b) (i) Which crop occupies the largest area on the commune?
(ii)Describe the conditions favoring the growing of the crop named in b(i) above.
c) Describe the organization of farming activities on a commune.
d) Explain the benefits of the commune system to china.
14. a) Draw a sketch map of china and on it, mark and name;
(i) rivers Huang -Ho and chang jiang
(ii) ports Kowloon and shanghai
(iii) the grand canal
b) Outline the:
(i) problems facing in land waterways in china,
(ii) steps being taken to improve the inland waterways.
c) Explain the contribution of inland waterways to the development of china.
d) State any two:
(i)exports,
(ii) imports, handled by the ports named in a(ii)above.
15. Study fig.5. Map of the Manchuria region provided and answer the questions that follow:
MAP
a) Name the:
(i) Coal mining centres marked A and B,
(ii) Iron ore mining centres marked C and D,
(iii) Rivers marked 1 and 2,
(iv) Dam marked E,
b) Describe the conditions that have favored the development of industries in the Manchuria region.
c) Explain the problems facing the industrial sector in Manchuria
d) Name two:
(i) Heavy industries,
(ii) Light industries, found in the Manchuria region.
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