Uganda Christian University School of Law Legal Methods Course

The module equips students with skills of legal research, critique, legal reasoning and construction of documents. It also introduces the student to the basics of statutory interpretation and to the different legal systems. Further the module introduces students to the legal profession in Uganda and the ethical standards required of the legal practitioners in Uganda.

Learning outcomes.

By the end of this module students should be able to:-

competently engage in legal research and write legal opinions;
Interpret statutes and apply legal provisions to hypothetical facts provided;
analyse cases, identify the ratio decidendi and apply it to factual situations;
describe the sources of law and the different legal systems;
discuss the role of the bar, the bench and legal education in the legal system;
outline the professional ethics that govern the players, and particularly advocates, in the exercise of their duties as legal practitioners in Uganda;
describe the structure of the Uganda legal system and the hierarchy of courts, and have a basic understanding of how this compares with other selected jurisdictions;
Understand and be able to distinguish cases and precedents.

Assessment methods

Students will be required to complete a course work assignment and sit an examination. The course work shall account for 30% of the total mark for the module (with 5% for class attendance and 5% for participation). The examination will account for 70% of the total mark for the module. The final exam at the end of the semester will be closed book and will consist of 7 (seven) questions out of which a candidate will be required to answer three (3).

NB: Note that this list is not in anyway exhaustive of the sources and materials for legal methods. Other materials may be referred to in the course of the study and students are also encouraged to do further reading on their own.

Books

Holland, J. & Webb, J. 2006. Learning Legal Rules (6th ed.) 2006, Oxford University Press.
Fox, M. & Bell, C. 1999. Learning Legal Skills (3rd ed.) Blackstone Press.
Adams, J. & Brownsword, R. 2003. Understanding Law (3rd ed.). Sweet and Maxwell.
Mansell, W. et al. 2004. A Critical Introduction to Law (3rd ed.) Cavendish.
Stychin, C. & Mulcahy, L.2003. Legal Method: Text and Materials (3rd Ed) Sweet and Maxwell.
Clinch, P. 2001.Using a Law Library: A Students Guide to Legal Research Skills (2nd ed.). Blackstone

Rozenberg, J. 1994. The Search for Justice: An Anatomy of the Law. Hodder & Stoughton

Byamugisha, J. 1969. “The Problem of Imported Laws”. In Ouma, J. Communications in East Africa.

Topic 1 – Legal research, legal writing

Legal research

What is legal research?

Skills relevant to legal research

Identifying sources of legal research

Use of copyrighted material

Material

Makubuya, Cap. 12, 13

G.Williams, Cap.12

Where To Look For Your Law, 14^th Ed 1962

R.N.Corington And Others, Cases And Materials For A Course On Legal Methods 1969 Caps, 10-15

M.O.Price/H. Bitner, Effective Legal Research 1969

J.H.Farrah, Introduction To Legal Method 1977 Appendices 1,2 &3

I Am R. Macneil, Research In East Africa Law, 3 East Africa Law Journal 47 1967 Reproduced In W.B.Harvey, Appendix

F.M. Ssekandi, Applied Legal Research In East Africa. 2 No.1 Uganda Law Focus March, 1974 4-12

B..A . Wortley, Some Reflections On Legal Research After Thirty Years, 8j.S. P.T.L 249-260 1964-65

R.O.Sullivan, On Law Reporting 4 M.L.R.104-110 1940

Nancy E.Lacobucci, Legal Research And Writing: A Proposed Programme, 19 University Of Toronto Law Journal 401-420

C.S.Goldman, The Use Of Learned Treatises In Candian And United States Litigation. 24 University Of Toronto Law Journal 423-452.

W.C. Bollad, Some Notes On Year Books And Plea Rolls. 43 L.Q.R 60-73 1926

C.Kelly, What An Old Reporter Told Me,-43 L.Q.R

Rolland Burrows. Law Reporting, 58 L.Q.R 96-106 1942

R.E. Megarry, Reporting The Unreported, 70 L L.Q.R 246-252 1954

E.W.Lves, A Layer’s Library In 1500, 85 L.Q.R 1040116 1969

Simpson, The Source And Function Of The Late Year Books 87 L.Q.R 94-118

S.Namasirayan, The Drafting Of Legislation 1967

Allison Russell, Legislative Drafting And Forms 1938

E.L.Piesse/J.G.Smith, The Elements Of Draftin 1965

Mr. Justice Fuad, Notes For Lectures On Legislative Drafting LDC. Kampala, 1968

V.C.R.A.C Crabbe, Legislative Drafting 1996 4^th Ed

G.C. Thomton, Legislative Drafting 4^th Ed.

Anthony Radesky, Drafting Pleadings 1995 2^nd Ed.

R.N. Ramage, Kelly’s Draftsman) 1973 13^th Ed.

Constitution of The Republic Of Uganda (1995)

The Deportation Validation Act, 1966. Act No.14 Of 1966 (U)

S.K.Hiranandani, Legislative Drafting: An Indian View 27 M.L.R 1-8 1964

F Pringshein, The Character Of Justinian’s Legislation 55 L.Q.R 229-249 1939

Dr. K.H Beyeyrs Tasks Of Socialist Legislation, 4 No. 3 Eastern Africa Law Reviews 231-246. December 1971

Common Wealth Secretariat, Legislative Drafting, Manual And Bibliography London, 1978

Legal writing

What is legal research and how does it differ from other types of writing

The importance of legal wring

Presentation of work in assignments and examinations (problem and essay questions, hierarchy of sources of law and other materials)

Use of abbreviations, citation of cases, footnotes, and bibliography

Material

Makubuya, Cap. 14

Christies, Legal Writing And Research Manual (Butterworth, 1970)

Kelly’s Draftsman, 13^th Ed. By R. W. Ramage, (Butterworths, 1964)

Encyclopedia of Forms And Precedent Butterworths, 1964

Weinhofen, Legal Writing Style West Publishing Co.St. Paul. Minnesota, USA. 1961

W.T. Fryer And H.I. Orentlicher, Cases And Materials On Legal Methods And

Legal System West Publishing Co. St. Paul, Minnesota, Usa 1967 Cap.8

W.R. Bashin/Cd. Stone, Law Language And Ethics The Foundation Press, Inc. Minesotta, N.Y. 1972

E.D. Re, Brief Writing And Oral Argument Occana Publications, Inc. Dobbs Ferry N.Y. 1965

Topic 2- Precedents and legal reasoning

The doctrine of precedent (stare decisis)

Ratio decidendi

Obiter dictum

Res judicata

Books.

Makubuya, Cap 9
Williams, Cap 6
Lloyd, The Idea of Law (1981) Cap 11
Cross. Precedent in English law (1976)
W. Paton, A Textbook of Jurisprudence (1964) Cap 8
K. Allen, Law in the Making (1964) Caps. 3 and 4.
B Simpson, the ratio decidendi of a case and the doctrine of binding precedent, in AG Guest Oxford Essays in Jurisprudence. First series (1966).

Dias, Jurisprudence (1976) part 7

N. Cardozo, The Nature of The Law (1924)
H. Farrah, Introduction of Legal Method (1977) Caps 5,7,10 & appendix 3.
A. Wasserstrom, The Judicial Decision (1961

Karl Llewllyn:-

The Bramble Bush (1951)

The Common Law Tradition (1960)

Twining, Karl Llewllyn and the Realist Movement.
Frank, Law and Modern Mine.
Levi, An Introduction to Legal Reasoning (1968).
Gottlieb,The Logic of Choice.

G.F.A. Sawyer/J.A. Hitler,The Doctrine of Precedent in the Court of Appeal for East Africa (1971)

W.B. Harvey Cap 5.

Prof. Goodhart, Essays in Jurisprudence and the Common Law.

The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda art. 15 clause (5).

The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda 1995

The Civil Procedure Act Cap 71.

The Magistrate Courts Act Cap. 16.

The judicature Act Cap 13 ss. 16, 17, 18, 19, 35, 36, 38, 39 & 40.

The Penal Code Act Cap 120 S.3

General case law materials

BAKU RAPHAEL OBUDRA & ANOR V AG (SCCA No. 1 of 2005)

Lakhamshi Brothers Ltd v Raja & Sons (1966) E.A. 313 (C.A.)

Young V Bristol Aeroplane Co Ltd (1944) 2 ALLER 293 (C.A.)

R V Taylor (1950) ALLER 170 (C.C.A)

Rex V Assam Singh (193) 4 EACA 41

Joseph Kabui v Regina (1954) E.A.C.A 260

Kiriri Cotton Co Ltd v R.K. Dewani (1958) E.A 239 (C.A)

Dodhia v National Grindlay’s Bank Ltd (1970 E.A 195 (C.A.)

Practice Directions (HL) (1970) 3 ALLER 77.

Practice Direction (House Of Lords: Preparation Of The Cases) (1971) L.R. 534.

Opoya V Uganda (1967) E.A. 752 (C.A.U)

Riziki Binti Abdulla v Sherifa Bent Mohamed Bin Hemed (1959) E.A 1035.

Wamala V Sebutemba (1963) E.A 631.

Poole v R (1960) E.A 62. Ganda No. 127/8

Commissioner Of Lands v Bashir (1958) E.A 45

Erenesti Mayanja et al. v Uganda Unreported.

Blair v Curran (1939) 62 C.L.R 464 at 532.

Prince George Mawanda v The Kabaka’s Government HCCC No 390/1963.

Kabaka v Prince George Mawanda Civil Application No 6/1964

Tororo Town Council v P.M. Luande (1971) U.L.R 1.

Articles.

Robert Stevens, The Final Appeal: Reform of the House Of Lords And Privy Council 1867, 80 L.Q.R 343 -369 (1964)

Cross, Stare Decisis in Contemporary England, 82 L.Q.R 203-214 (1966).
Cross, The Ratio Decidendi And A Plurality of Speeches in the House of Lords, 93 L.Q.R 378-385 (1977)
Winterton, is the House of Lords Immortal? 95 L.Q.R 386-392 (1979)
Mirfield, Can the House of Lords Lawfully Be Abolished? 95 L.Q.R 36-58 (1979).

D.M. Gordon, Effect of Reversal of A Judgment on Act Done Between Pronouncement and Reversal: Parts I& II. 74 L.Q.R 517 (1959).

D.M. Gordon, Effect Of Reversal Of Judgment On Acts Done Between Pronouncement And Reversal 75 L.Q.R 85-105 (1959).

Karlen, Appeals In England And United States; 78 L.Q.R 371-387 (1962).

D.P. Derham, Precedent And The Decisions Of Particular Questions, 79 L.Q.R 49-62 (1963)

SG.W. Paton/G. Sawyer, Ratio Decidendi And Obiter Dictum In Appellate Courts. 63 L.Q.R 461-485 194

D.Lloyd, Reason And Logic In The Common Law, 64 L.Q.R 468-484 1948

J.P.Eddy, India And Privy Council: The Last Appeal 66 L.Q.R 206-215 1950

M.D.A Freeman, Standard Of Adjudication, Judicial Law Making And Prospective Overruling 1973 26 C.L.P 166-207.

Lord Edmund Davies, Judicial Activism, 1975 28 C.L.P 1-14.

Eckhoff, Guilding Standards In Legal Reasoning, 1976 29 C.L.P. 205-220.

Stig Stromholm, Guilding Standards In Legal Reasoning, 19 Scandinavian Studies In Law 227-258 1975.

T.Eckhoff, Feedback In Legal Reasoning And Rule Systems, 22 Scandinavian Studies In Law 39-52 1978.

M.L. Friedland, Prospective And Retrospective Judicial Law Making, 24 University Of Toronto Law Journal 170-190 1974.

A.N. Allot, Juridical Precedent In Africa Revisited, 1968 12 J.A.L. 3-31

W.Lvor Jennings, Judicial Process At Its Worst, 1 M.L.R 111-131 1937.

H.W.R Wade, the Concept of Legal Certainty, 4 M.L.R 183-199 1940.

T.O.Elias, Colonial Courts and the Doctrine Of Judicial Precedent, 18 M.L.R 356-370 1955

J.L. Montrose, the Ratio Decidendi and the House of Lords, 20 M.L.R 114-130 1957.

J.L. Montrose, the Ratio Decidendi of a Case, 22 M.L.R 155-160 1959.

A.W.B. Simpson, the Ratio Decidendi of a Case, 22 M.L.R 453-620 1959.

Calvert, the Validity of Case Law under a Criminal Code, 22 M.L.R 621-638 1959.

A.L. Goodhart, The Ratio Decindi Of A Case, 22 M.L.R 177-124 1959

A.W.B. Simpson, the Ratio Decidendi of a Case, 22 M.L.R 453-457 1959.

Julius Stone, the Ratio Decidendi, 22 M.L.R. 597-160 1959.

G.Dworkin, Stare Decis in the House of Lords 25 M.L.R 162-178 1962.

Henchy, Precedent In The Irish Supreme Court 25 M.L.R. 544-558 1962 R.

Stevens, the Role of the Final Court Of Appeal in a Democracy: The House Of Lords Today, 28 M.L.R 509-539 1965.

Stevens, the Role of the Final Court Of Appeal in a Democracy: The House of Lords Today, 28 M.L.R 509-539 1965.

W.Friedman, Limits of Judicial Law Making and Prospective Overruling. 29 M.L.R 593-607 1966.

AGL Nicol, Prospective Overruling: A New Device of English Courts? 39 M.L.R 542- 560 1976.

Topic 3 – Construction of documents and statutes

Deeds or documents
Essential parts of a deed
Operative and non operative parts of a deed
The rules of interpretation of deeds

Cases

Athanansias Kivumbi V Hon. Emmanuel Pinto (Const Pet No.5 Of 1998),

Re: Meredith, Ex-Parte: Chick 1897 11 Ch.D.731.

Hott & Co. vs Collyer 1881 16 Ch.D.718.

Drummond vs A.G for Ireland 1849 2 H.L.C. 863.

Savill Bros vs Bethel 1902 2 Ch. 533

Aspolin vs Austin 1844 QB 671.

Hare vs Horton 1833 5b & Ed 715.

Mathew vs Blackmore 1857 1 H & N 762.

Cardigan vs Armitage 1823 2 QB & C 197.

Glym vs Margeton 1893 Ac351.

Watcham vs East Africa Protectorate 1919 Ac 533 Privy Council Decision.

South Eastern Ry vs Associated Portland Cement Co.Ltd 1910 Ich.12.

Re Searle 1912 1ch 610.

Re Ray 1916 1 Ch 461.

Berry vs St. Marylebone Corporation 1957 1 All E.R. 676.

Re Baden’s Deed Trusts 1969 1 All E.R 1016

Re Rowland.

Statutory interpretation

What is a statute?

Types of statutes

Identification and citation of statutes

The anatomy of a statute

Canons of interpretation of statutes

Rules of interpretation of statutes

Internal aids to construction

Preamble (AG vs. Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover. (1957) A C 436.);

Short Title.

(Re Boaler (1915) 1 KB 21);

The Long Title (Fielder vs. Morley Corporation. (1899) 1 Ch. 1: Vacher vs. London Society of Compositors. (1913) A C 107);

Cross- Headings (DPP vs. Schildkamp (1969) 3 ALL ER 1640; Britt vs. Buckinghamshire Country Council (1964) 1 A C 107; Shelly vs. ICC (1949) A C 56);

Marginal Notes (Head notes)-( Karsan Vs. Bhatt (1965) EA 124; Mugo Vs. Republic (1966) EA 124; Ramadan vs. Republic (1969) EA 269; Musa & Others Vs. Republic (1970) EA 42);

Punctuation (Inland Revtenue Commissioners Vs. Hinchy (1960) 1 ALL ER 505; Re Allsop (1960) 1 Ch. 1.);

Ejusdem generis rule (Brownsea Nowen Properties Vs. Poole Corporation (1958) 1 ALL ER 205; AG Vs. Abdulla. (1960) EA 672;

Provisos (Thomson Vs. Dibdin (1912) EC 533.

External aids to construction.

Historical setting (Escoigne Properties Ltd. Vs. IRC. (1958) ALL ER 549; R vs. Zulueta (1843) 1 Card K. 215; Holme Vs. Guy. (1877) 5 Ch 901);

Reputable dictionary (The Queen Vs. Peters (1885) 16 QBD 636.);

Textbook Writers (Re Castioni (1891)QBD 149);

Reports of commissions (Assam Rys & Trading Co. Vs. IRC (19 35) AC 445; Eastman Photographic MC Ltd. Vs. Comptroller of Patents (1898) AC 571; Katikiro of Buganda Vs. Attoney General of Uganda (1961) 1 WLR 119);

Hansards (HM Edwards Vs. AG of Canada (1930) AC 124; Beswick Vs. Beswick (1967) 2 ALL ER 197.

Presumptions.

Mens Rea (Brend Vs. Wood (1946) 62 TLR 462); R Vs. Tolson. (1890) ALL ER 26);

It is a maxim of criminal law that a guilty mind is an essential element in the commission of a crime. But in certain legislation (particularly those dealing with statutory offences) mens rea may be declared not to be a requirement of the commission of the offence.

Retrospective Effect (AG Vs. Theobald (1890) 24 QBD 557; Phillips Vs. Eyrre (1870) LR 6 QB 1; Jivraj Vs. Devraj (1968) EA 268); it is a fundamental principle of English law that an Act is not to have a retrospective effect unless that construction appears very clearly in the terms of the Act or arises by necessary and distinct operation.

It applies to construction of penal statutes which are construed strictly and not beyond their clear meaning.

See article 28 no person shall be charged with a criminal offence that at the time of commission was not an offence.

Article 92 placesa restriction on the passing of legislation to alter the decision or judgment of a court as between the parties to the judgment or decision.

Differentiate between retrospective and retroactive application.

Vested Private Rights (Marshall Vs. Black Rights (1935) AC 17; Cooper Vs. Wandsworth Board Of Works. (1863) 14 CBNS 180);

In West v Gwynne [1911] 2 Ch 1 Buckley L.J stated that “There is no presumption that an Act of Parliament is not intended to interfere with existing rights.” Acts do interfere with rights all the time.

But where an Act is “reasonably susceptible of two meanings” then the presumption against interference with rights applies.

Abrogation of Custom (Green Vs Regina (1874-80) All ER 966);

Derogation From International Law And Comity Of Nations (Phillipson-Stow Vs Irc (1960) 3 All ER 1813.Rvs Keyn (1876) 2 EXD 63; there is a presumption that the Parliament does not intend to legislate against international law or its international obligations. The Act is not void per se if it does but the international community will raise issues.

Internal Inconsistency (Vacher Vs. London Society Of Compositors. 1913 AC 107; Re Berry 1935 All ER 826); The same word should be used to mean the same thing. Different words will be given different meaning. This what Lord Simon in Black Clawson International Ltd v Papierwerke [1975] Ch. 88 referred to as the presumption against a change in terminological usage.

Penal Statutes (Ag Vs Till 1910 1 KB 650; Ag Vs Beauchamp 1969 EA 269); construed strictly.

Alteration of Existing Law (Re Cuno 1889 43 Ch D 12; Lord Eldon Vs Hedley Brothers 1935 2 KB1);

David Sajjaka Nalima vs Rebecca Musoke Civil Appeal No. 12 of 1985

Prerogative Powers (Opolot V Sag 1969 EA 631);

Statutes In Pari Materia (Tim Bell Vs The Commissioner Of Income Tax 1960 EA 224; Adegbnro Vs Akintola 1963 3 All ER 544.).

Ouster clauses.

Provisions which take away the jurisdiction of the courts will be frowned upon by the courts. A good example is a provision such as the “The decision of the Minister shall be final and shall not be called in question in any legal proceeding.” As one author said in such case will act to disarm parliament from disarming the courts.

Judicial control

A provision in an Act which seeks to restrict or eliminate judicial review will not find favour with the courts. In R v. Medical Tribunal ex p. Gilmore[1957] 1 QB 574 Lord Denning stated that the remedy of certiorari was never to be taken away by any statute except by the most and explicit words.

The supervisory role of the courts must not be constrained.

In Uganda the judicial review is guaranteed in article 42.

The Crown, the Republic

The fundamental principle is that an Act does not bind the State. It does not affect the prerogatives and interests of the State unless there are clear words in the Act to say so.

Rules of statutory interpretation

The general approach of the courts is that in the interpretation of an Act effect must be given to language of the Act. As it was said in Lopez case, if the words of the Act are unambiguous and clear, then they must be obeyed however absurd the result may be for otherwise the court would be legislating instead of Parliament.

But sometimes Acts are not clear. So courts must find some way to give effect to the words since words in an Act are not used in vain.

So courts have developed aids to interpretation of statutes.

Mischief rule. First stated in Heydon’ Case

What was the common law before the making of the Act;
What was the mischief and defect for which the common law did not provide a remedy;
What remedy has Parliament resolved and appointed to cure the disease;
What is the true reason of the remedy;

Literal or plain meaning rule (Natural and ordinary);

In the interpretation of an Act every word prima facie is to be construed in its primary and natural sense unless a secondary or more limited sense is required by the subject or context.

The golden rule

George Bernard Shaw warned in Man and Superman III that the golden rule is that there are golden rules.

Where the application of the literal or plain meaning rule leads to manifest absurdity, inconsistency or repugnancy with the Act as a whole the grammatical sense must then be modified extended or abridged so far as to avoid such an inconvenience but no further.

Books

K.Makubuya, Cap.11.

Williams, Cap.7.

W.B. Harvey, Cap.6.

J.H. Farrar, Legal Method, Cap. 8 & 9.

R.Cross, Statutory Interpretation 1995.

D.Lloyd, The Idea Of Law 1981 Pp 281-3.

Maxwell, Interpretation Of Statutes 1964

C.K. Allen, Law In The Making 1964 Cap Vi & Vii.

G.W. Paton, A Textbook Of Jurisprudence 3^rd Ed, 1964 Cap.Ix

Dias, Jurisprudence 1976 Cap.7.

Craig on Statute Law.

Lord Dinning The Discipline of Law (1979).

Francis Bennion, Statutory Interpretation (1995) 2^nd Ed. Second Supplement (cumulative).

Francis Bennion, Statutory Interpretation (1992) 2^nd Ed.

A.G. Guet , Oxford Essays in Jurisprudence(1961).

The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda 1995.

The Interpretation Act Cap.3

Cases and other materials

Uganda Motors vs. Wavah Holdings. SCC Appeal no. 19/91

Utex Industries vs. AG. SCC Appeal no. 52/95

Prof. Syed. Vs. The Islamic University of Uganda. SCC Appeal 2/97.

Kasirye Byaruhanga & Co Advocates Vs. UDB SCC Appeal 2/97.

AG Vs. Major General Tinyefunza SCC Appeal 1/97.

Alfed Olwona Vs. Uganda Central Co-operative Union Ltd. SCC Appeal 25/92.

Uganda Journalists Safety Committee Vs. AG Constitutional Petition No.6/97.

Re M/S Lukeera & Co. Advocates Misc. Cause No. 76/1973. Reported in (1978) HCB 198.

Pepper (Inspector of Taxes) Vs. Hart. (1993) 1 ALL ER 42.

Hunter Vs. Southam Inc (1985) 11 DLR 644 (SCC).

Unwin Vs. Hanson (1891) 2 QB 115.

A.G Vs. Guardian (No.2) ( 1988) 3 ALL ER 545.

Chandler Vs. DPP (1964) A.C 763.

Karia & Company Ltd. Vs. Dhanani (1969) EA. 392.

Uganda Vs. Otto. (1967) EA 219.

Republic Vs. Robert and another. (1967) EA 622.

Wicks Vs. DPP (1947) ALL ER 205.

Hearts Of Oak Assurance Co. Vs. Attoney General (1932) ALL ER 732.

Seaford Court Estates Ltd. Vs. Asher (1949) 2 KB 481.

Magor & St.Mellons RDC Vs. Newport Corporation (1952) v AC 189.

Heydon’s case (1587) 3 Co. Rep 8.

Summer Vs. R.L Priestly Ltd (19f55) ALL ER 445.

Cartledge Vs. Joplin and Sons Ltd . (1963) AC 758).

Sutters Vs. Briggs (1922) AC 1.

Kenyon Vs. East Wood (1888) 57 LJQB 455.

Pawley Vs. Whardall (1966) 1 QB 373.

Vickers, Sons and Maxim Ltd. Vs. Evans. (1910) A C 444.

Smith Vs. Hughes (1960) 1 WLR 830.

Mattison Vs. Hart (1854) 14 CB 385.

Becke Vs. Smith (1836) 2 M&W 191.

Grey vs. Pearson (1857) 6 HLC 61.

Caledonian Railway Vs. North British Rys . (1881) 6 App. Cas. 144.

Re Mayfair Property Co. (1898) 2 Ch 28.

Articles

D.B. Murray, When is a Repeal not a Repeal? 16 M.L.R. 50-58 (1953)

W.A. Wilson. The Complexity Of Statute, 37 M.L.R. 497-509 1974

D.J. Lanham, Delegated Legislation And Publication 37 M.L.R. 510-524 1974

Shell, Trouble On Oiled Waters-Statutory Interpretation, 39 M.L.R. 402-413 1976

D.W. Williams, Taxing Statutes Are Taxing Statutes: The Interpretation Of Revenue Legislation 41 M.L.R 404 1978

D.J. Payne, the Intention of the Legislation in the Interpretation of Statutes. 9 C.L.P. 107-124 1975

A.L. Diamond, Repeal And Desuetude Of Statutes 28 C.L.P 107-124 1975

Topic 4- Legal profession, legal education and social change

Historical perspective

Current legal system

Expanding legal education in Uganda

Relevance of other arts and humanities in the study of law

Law in light of regional integration (Students’ personal reading)

Topic 5 – Customary law

Customary law and the repugnancy doctrine

Material for topic 4 and 5

Books

K.Makubuya, Cap. 15

G.Williams. Cap.13

W.B. Harvey, Cap. 1

Abel Smith And R. Stevens, Lawyers And The Courts (HEB, 1967)

J.D. Bernak, Science In History Watts, London, 1957

H.J. Berman, Justice in the USSR Harvard College, 1950

Mario Coppelleti And Ors, The Italian Lega Systems Stanford U.P, 1967

L.C.B. Gower, Independent Africa: The Challenge of the Legal Profession Harvard U.P./O.U.P )

Government Memorandum On The Report Of A Committee Appointed To Study

And Make Recommendations Concerning Legal Education, Sessional Paper No.3 Of 1969 Government Printer, Entebbe, 1969

Jerome Frank, Law And Modern Mind Peter Smith, 1970

Tudor Jackson, A Guide To The Legal Profession In East Africa Sweet & Maxwell, 1970

Morris And Read, Cap. 8

A.A, Mazrui. Political Values And The Educated Class In Africa Heb London, 1978

D.W. Nabudere, Imperialism And Revolution In Uganda Onyx Press, London, 1980

Tanzania) Report Of The Judicial System Review Commission Dar-Se-Salaam, 1977

Polters Historical, Introduction, Introduction To English Law And Its Institutions 1962

Q.Johnstone/Opson, Lawyers And Their Work.

Radcliffe/Cross, The English Legal System

G.J. Graham-Green/D.S. Gordon, Cordery’s Law Relating To Solicitors Butterworths, London. 1961

Leo Levin & Ors, Problems And Materials On Trial Advocacy The Foundation Press, Inc, Mineola, N.Y. 1968

Gerald Abrahams, The Legal Mind: An Approach To The Dynamic Of Advocacy London. 1946

The Hon. Sir. Malcon Hilbery, Duty And Art In Advocacy Stevens & Sons, Ltd, London 1946

Judge J.W. Donovan, Tact In Court, 6^th Enlaged Edition, Sweet And Maxwell, London 1915

G.Bellow/B Moulton, The Lawyerring Press The Foundating Press, Inc. 1978

H.Maine, Ancient Law.

Savingny, Systems of Modern Roman Law.

B.J. Odoki. The Uganda Legal Profession

Rubin and Contran, Readings in Africa Law.

Topic 6 – Law and access to justice

What is access to justice?

What is the legal position in Uganda on legal aid to indigent persons?

Topic 7-Law Reform and Review in Uganda.

What is law reform?

What is law reform in Uganda?

The role of the Law Reform Commission in ensuring law review and reform in Uganda.

Topic 8-Courts and the court system

Topic 9 – Preparing for and taking law examinations

K .Makubuya Cap. 17

Williams, Cap. 6.8.9 & 10
N. Covington and Ors. Cases and Materials For A Course On Legal Methods (1969) pp. 90-93.

Jerry Phillips. Thirteen Rules of Taking Law Exams. 24 Journal of Legal Education 76-80 (1971-72).

D .W .Carroll. Comments on Legal Education in Uganda. 1 (No.4) Uganda Law Focus 241-250

(July 1973.)

Glanville Williams-Learning the Law

Uganda Christian University Bachelor of Laws Courses For Year 1

LLB 1

Contracts I

Introducing Law

Criminal Law

Constitutional History

Uganda Christian University Bachelor of Laws Courses For Year 2

LLB 2

Foundations of Land Law

Nature and History of Torts

Administrative Processes

Legal Methods

Law of Sales

Uganda Christian University Bachelor of Laws Courses For Year 3

LLB 3

Jurisprudence II

Business Associations I

Uganda Christian University Bachelor of Laws Courses For Year 4

LLB 4

Civil Procedure I

Clinical Legal Education I

Intellectual Property I

International Humanitarian Law

Oil & Gas Law

Labour Law 1

Alternative Dispute Resolution

ICT Law and Policy

Environmental Law and Policy

Gender & the Law